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Ayatollah Fadhel Lankarani was born in 1930 (1310 Iranian Solar
calendar) in the holy city of Qum. His father, the late Ayatollah
Fadhel Lankarani (P) was among the great scholars and authorities of
Qum Theological School. His mother was one of the pious ladies of
esteemed Sayyid's origins.
After completion of elementary education, he
continued his studies at age of 13 in Qum Theological School. Because of
his high talents and IQ, he was able to go through “preliminary” and
“levels” courses in only six years and when he was 19 years old, he
started to study “Figheh and logical principles” which is called “Kharej,”
from Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi (P). He was very popular among theological
students and scholars because of his age and intelligence. One of his
close friends and classmates was the son of G. Ayatollah Khomeini (ra) the
Founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Shahid Mostafa Khomeini (P).
He attended the lessons of Fiqh and Usul
(Principles) taught by G. Ayatollah Borujerdi (P) for 11 years and also
took part in courses taught by G. Ayatollah Imam Khomeini (ra) for nine
years and he learned many points from these great sources of Islamic
sciences.
He also attended in philosophy and exegesis
courses of Allamah Hussain Tabatabai (P) and learned extensively from this
valuable source of knowledge.
Great talent and constant efforts resulted in
achieving the high rank of Ijtihad (Islamic authority) when he was only 25
years old and this point was approved by hid great teacher G. Ayatollah
Borujerdi (P).
Ayatollah Fadhel Lankrani has been teaching the
lessons of “levels” for many theological students and it has been over 25
years that he has taught Fiqh and Usul in Kharej level to those students.
His classes were so popular that over 700 scholars from theological
circles of Qum attended them.
It has been several years that his teachings of
Kharej lessons are being broadcasted by the voice of the Islamic Republic
and it has many listeners all over Iran and abroad.
Since the time Imam Khomeini (ra) started his
political activities against the cruelty and corruption and despotic rule
of Pahiavi regime, he was one of his close companions and he was active in
every step along with combatants and followers of the Islamic Revolution.
He was among the active members of the society of Theological Teachers in
the Islamic Theological Center of Qum (Hawzatul Ilmiyyah). He issued
numerous public statements for the advancement of the Islamic Revolution
and enlightening of Islamic Ummah and supporting of leadership and
religious authority of Imam Khomeini (ra). He was summoned several times
by officials of the Pahiavi regime for interrogation and also prisoned. At
last, he was sent to exile in Bandar Lengheh. After 4 months of living in
that city, he was transferred to Yazdi and stayed there for 2.5 years in
exile.
After the victory of the Islamic Revolution in
Iran, he was a source of support and strengthening for the founder of the
Islamic Republic, Imam Khomeini (ra) and after his demise, the Great
leader Ayatollah Khamenei (S).
He was elected by the Islamic Ummah of Iran as a
member of the First Council of Leadership Experts and served more than ten
years as the head of Qum Theological Center.
His family were among the sincere and devoted
followers of Ahlulbayt (a.s) since long time ago and they have always
arranged religious mourning sessions for them every week in Fridays and
they have marked the anniversary of their demise and also celebrated the
anniversary of their birth, usually in his father's house. These
arrangements still continue to be observed.
Devotion to Ahlulbayt resulted in holding by him
the mass prayer leadership of one of the most important centers of Islamic
preachers and panegyrists in Qum, namely Agha Sayyed Hassan Center, after
the demise of G. Ayatollah Najafi Marashi (P) and according to the request
of religious scholars and pious people of Qum, and the head of Hazrat
Mosoomeh's (AS) Holy Shrine. Thousands of Islamic scholars and students
and pilgrims of 7th Imam's (AS) daughter, perform their mass prayers under
his leadership.
After the demise of G. Ayatollah Imam Khomeini
(ra) many of his devoted followers chose him as the Islamic authority for
the purpose of Taqleed and following the demise of G. Ayatollah Araki (P)
the society of Qum Theological Center's Teachers officially introduced him
as the first person for Taqleed of Muslim Ummah.
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